Sunday, December 29, 2019

Economics Economic Growth And Environment Essay

Economic Growth and Environment Professor: Wuu-Long Lin Student: Yin-Chun Chou Student ID: 11602318 Table of Content 1. Introduction 2. Review of the literature 3. The methodology used in the study - Environmental Kuznets Curves 4. Analysis 4.1 Industrial Ecology 4.2 Is Environmental Protection Too Expensive? 4.3 Does Environmental Protection Reduce Economic Growth? 5. Policy Recommendation List of References 1. Introduction The natural environment is the foundation to economic growth. Productivity cannot stand alone with the artificial intelligence and technology. Let’s face the most important issue on the earth-the natural resources are limited. People have to consume environmental resources in sustainable methods – whether by improving the efficiency of resource consumption or by adopting new techniques and product designs. It also means that do not overuse the resources to avoid the natural assets cannot be recovered after excess economic activity. While environmental sustainability is the important government policy, the protection of the environment and the economic growth are usually seen as competing aims. Some European entrepreneur claim that the environmental regulation is hindering their growth and force them to reallocate the business outside of the Europe. The objective of this paper is discussion on the relationship between environmental sustainability and the economic growth. This paper will review the literature and thenShow MoreRelatedEconomic Growth and the Environment1594 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic Growth and Environment Introduction Economic growth and the use of environmental resources go hand in hand. No country or economy will be able to sustain economic growth without using the natural resources available in the environment. The constant need for resources is the fuel for economic growth and any country going through a heightened level of economic activity tends to use more resources from the environment. Relationship between economic growth and environment The relationshipRead MoreImpact Of Economic Growth On The Environment2447 Words   |  10 Pagesdrive for prosperity and economic growth by developing countries has had enormous consequences on the environment. The negative effects of these industrialisation and massive expansions along economic lines, without proper environmental impact analysis and environmental expertise has led to the degradation of the environment in a very rapid manner. Especially in nowadays, as the environment problem is increasingly severe, more people desire to live in a clean environment. The G20 has already madeRead MoreEconomic Growth Of China And Its Effect On The Environment1621 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Economic growth in china and its effect on the environment in china. Abstract: Economic development is very critical for better future of any country and its residence but for one to gain something thing they must lose something. This has been the case with china’s economy and the environment. China’s growing manufacturing sector and increase in consumption has taken the country’s economy to new heights. Today china is one of the largest economic powerhouse in world, but at what cost. China’sRead MoreRelationship Between Economic Growth and Environment1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe relationship between the economic growth and environment is and may always remain a complex matter. Some perceive the emergence of new pollution problems unsuccessful when dealing with global warming. There are others however, that have a more optimistic view. They see tremendous progress made in improving air quality in major cities and note ever improving human condition which was made possible by the advances of technology. The limited natural resources of the planet had many years beenRead MoreThe Impact Of Economic Growth On The World And The Environment3597 Words   |  15 Pagesby (Reich, 2010), that economic growth leads to prosperity in the developed, emerging and developing world. The argument is focused on the negative effects of slow economic growth for the world and the environment. This essay provides a selection of theories with unique perspectives regarding the different impacts of economic growth on countries around the world. It will also explore the different methods/theories discussed by academics for best achieving economic growth. 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Some scholars say that there is nothing wrong with our current natural ecosystem and that we should not worry, other scholars say that we should be more concerned about our environment today than we ever were. Many studies were done to validate both these hypotheses which left people divided, but it is always better to be safe than sorry. Economists have found the correlation betwe en economic growth and the deteriorationRead MoreThe Single Parent Family Structural Environment And Economic Conditions Can Hinder The Development And Growth Of A Child936 Words   |  4 Pagessuch single parent homes have been negatively affected psychologically and socially which then is reflected in their behavior as well. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the single parent family structural environment and economic conditions can hinder the development and growth of a child. Due to the rise in divorce rates and children born out of unmarried couples, it is more likely for children to be growing up in single-parent homes. According to Statistics Canada (2011) the ratio of motherRead MoreDiscuss the Economic Policy Conflicts That Arise in the Pursuit of Economic Growth978 Words   |  4 Pages1. Discuss the economic policy conflicts that arise in the pursuit of economic growth Maintaining economic growth between 3-4% has been the Australian Government’s main economic objective. By managing sustainable level of economic growth, Australia may benefit through positive effects such as higher capita incomes and living standards. Although Australia has had relatively stable rate of economic growth during the 1990s to 2000s with an average of 3.3%, Australia has had issues including the depletionRead MoreInternational Political Market Values And Subsequent Free Trade Agreements869 Words   |  4 Pagestrade agreements are at the forefront of economic globalization. As the global markets and economic competition intensifies, nations move towards trade liberalization. International trade agreements by extension of economic globalization are more often prioritized before environmental agreements. In fact it is evident that environmental policy is rarely prioritized over economic growth. The neo-liberal market ideals have encouraged the development of economi c globalization and therefore sustain the

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Boomer Generation Disadvantages - 1012 Words

Generations are funny things. Stereotypes dictate that older generations are conservative, and that younger generations are liberal. However, generations only play a small role in shaping an individual s identity. Family, technology, politics, education, society, and the economy all play an important role in shaping a person s destiny. Shocking differences and surprising similarities exist between all generations; the Boomers and the Millennials are no different. The most important determining factor is definitely family. Most of us take our families for granted, but when you don t have perfect families, life can be very different. Subject A, of the Boomer generation, was raised by her grandmother. She had one sibling, a†¦show more content†¦Mr. B lived most of his life in Germantown, the second most diverse city in the United States. His close neighbors included Blacks, Latinos, Asians, mixed-Europeans, and Middle Easterners. This multicultural background led to his acceptance of all ethnic backgrounds at a young age. Technology has affected everyone since the invention of the wheel in the Bronze Age. Ms. A believed the typewriter to be the best example of accessible technology during her childhood. During adulthood the first men walked on the moon; later on, personal computers and cell phones arrived. Her children always had access to a computer, showing the sharp contrast in generational technology. Mr. B grew up with personal computers and cell phones accessible. Smartphones and 3D printing arrived during teenage years, culminating in quantum networks and the development of human Mars transport during early adulthood. The most amazing technology at the moment are the potential benefits and banes of artificial intelligence. Politics are, well, politics. However, laws and government operations affect a person s society, so they affect the person. The post-WWII era of Ms. A s childhood led to increased anti-war efforts by activists around the world. However, America s endless wars led to increased PTSD among veterans and a growing universal rebuke of war. The nuclear arms race led to increased fear until the Soviet Union reached its climax in 1991. Ms.Show MoreRelatedThe New VW Beetle Case Study Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesWhether they would like to go with Baby Boomers or whether they would like to with young generation. If the Company was to target the Baby Boomers segment with a value proposition of ‘indulging in nostalgia then the problem faced was that the recent trend shows that these baby boomers were changing preference to larger cars and also the company had changed its strategy of positioning the brand behind the Drivability of the car to target the younger generation. The consumers were demographicallyRead MoreWhat Would The World Be Without Books, Magazines, And Newspapers848 Words   |  4 Pagessignal until after 1922, and commercial television until 1952 (Puerto Rico). My grandfather choice is the radio, and my mother is the television. At this point, my oldest two kids would say the same. I used my family as an example of how each generation becomes accustomed and cannot do without the convenience new invention brought to their lives, except for my great-grandmother who never left Puerto Rico. My choice is the computer and the internet. I see the transitioning of print media forms toRead MoreThe Workforce Is Facing An Anomaly907 Words   |  4 Pagesfacing an anomaly; working individuals are likely working alongside coworkers born in different generations. In the near future, the Baby Boomer generation will transition into retirement. This event will open many upper level positions, which the Baby Boomer generation currently holds. 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Thursday, December 12, 2019

Dell Inc. in 2008 Can It Overtake Hewlett-Packard as the Worldwide Leader in Personal Computers free essay sample

Dell Inc. in 2008: Can it overtake Hewlett-Packard as the Worldwide Leader in Personal Computers? Dell is a global company that delivers products and services in more than 190 countries and over 40000 employees who live and work on six continents. The company deals in enterprise computing products, desktops, monitors, printers, notebooks, handhelds, software and peripherals with a focus on fully integrated improved environmental performance into business. The company had gone through many ups and down from its inception in 1984 and has to face many challenges and competitions to stay ahead in the market (Kolter and Lee, 2008). This paper strategically discusses the fall and rise of Dell Inc from 2007 to 2008 and to compare Dells strategy with that of Hewlett Packard with due reference from the case study â€Å"Dell Inc in 2008: Can it overtake Hewlett Packard as the worldwide leader in personal computers. † A) Dell’s Strategy to overcome HP in Personal Computers Michael Dell founded the company with simple vision and business concept that the personal computers could be built and sold directly to the consumers which would eliminate the additional costs of intermediaries between the company and consumer and thus reducing the overall cost of the PCs making it cheaper than other PCs in the market. The other advantage was that it reduces the costs and risks associated with carrying large stocks of parts, components and finished goods (Thompson and Gamble, 2006). The company later became a public limited company and raised $34. million in its first offering of common stock and achieved sales of $388 million in 1990. During 1986 to 1993, Dell refined strategy, build an adequate infrastructure and established market credibility against better known rivals like IBM and Hewlett Packard. Dells computer strategy clicked into full gear in the late 1990s and the sell direct strategy provided the company with most efficient procurement, manufacturing and distribution capabilities in the global PC industry and gave a substantial profit margin advantage over rival PC vendors. It is further stated that Dell’s operating cost ran about 10 percent of revenues in 2002 as compared to 21 percent of revenues at Hewlett Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco Systems (Thompson and Gamble, 2008). Dell Inc was the undisputed leader in the United States for sales in personal computer dominating the market. In 1998, the market share of Dell was 13. 2% as compared to Hewlett Packard’s 7. 8%. However it should be noted that Compaq was ahead of Dell during 1998 with 16. 7%. This was the only period when any other vendors were ahead of Dell as the company occupied top position in 2000 with 19. % as compared to Compaq’s 15. 9% and HP’s 11. 5%. The table below shows that Dell Inc has been ranked first since 2003 showing its dominance in the market for personal computer since 2000 in comparison to other companies. But, according to table 2, Hewlett Packard dominates the world market with 18. 8% in the year 2007 as compared to 14. 9 % of Dell Inc. Though Dell Inc was dominated the market in United States and all over the world throughout 2000s, Dell Inc’s market share fell down from 16. 6% in 2006 to 14. 9% in 2007 whereas Hewlett Packard’s market share increased from 16. 5% in 2006 to 18. % in 2007 thus becoming the market leader in the industry. Table 1: U. S. Market Share of the Leading PC Vendors, 1998-2007 |2003 Rank |Vendor |2007 |2006 | | |Revenues |% of total |Revenues |% of total |Revenues |% of total | | |(in billions) |revenues |(in billions) |revenues |(in billions) |revenues | |Desktop PCs |$19. |32. 1% |$19. 8 |34. 5% |$21. 6 |38. 7% | |Mobility Products |17. 4 |28. 5 |15. 5 |27 |14. 4 |25. 8 | |Software and Peripherals |9. 9 |16. 2 |9 |15. 7 |8. 3 |14. 9 | |Servers Networking Hardware |6. 5 |10. 6 |5. 8 |10. 1 |5. |9. 8 | |Consulting and enhanced services |5. 3 |8. 8 |5. 1 |8. 9 |4. 2 |7. 5 | |Storage Products |2. 4 |3. 9 |2. 3 |4. 0 |1. 9 |3. 4 | Source: Thompson and Gamble (2008) The figures in Table 3 show the product wise revenue generation for the year 2006 to 2008. Dell products received over 400 awards relating to design, uality and innovation in 2007 while generating revenues of $61. 1 billion with profits of $3 billion, majority of being generated through sales of personal computers at $19. 6 billion. Resource Based View Approach Dell’s strategy constitutes of four tenets to delivering superior customer value by selling direct to customers eliminating wholesale and retail dealer, allowing customer to built custom built product to meet the consumer’s need, highly efficient supply chain and manufacturing organization, and by delivering added value to customers. Dell Inc follows resource based view (RBV) strategy as it tries to achieve a competitive advantage over its rivals by using the available resources and capabilities. According to Barney (qtd. in Kirsch, 2007) â€Å"firms in different industries as well as within one industry differ in their supply with resources to achieve a competitive advantage – which can be sustained if those resources are valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable and substitutable†. Future Recommendations Dell Inc has a change to overtake Hewlett Packard and become global leader in personal computers; the company will have to implement its strategy in line with the changing market. Dell’s strategy is strong enough to compete with its rivals but needs small improvisation by differentiating its products and services from other. Strategically, it can also improve its position in the current market by expanding its operations in more countries, manufacturing and supplying more products. The strategy which already focuses on cost reduction should focus on capturing new markets which would help in regaining the market. B. 3) Michael Dell – Founder and CEO Michael Dell, a student at the University of Texas at the age of 18 years set up PCs Limited as a part time business in dorm room selling IBM compatible computers which were built from stock components (Hitt et al, 2009). Magretta (1999) questions that how could one create $12 billion in just 13 years as Dell has done since he started selling computers. Dell’s main strategy was to sell the computer directly to consumer and eliminating the reseller’s markup and the costs and risks associated with carrying large inventories of finished goods. Daft and Marcic (2005) mentioned that leadership promotes vision, creativity and change taking the company to new horizons. Michael Dell has done similarly for so many years, inculcating new ideas into the business, envisioning to provide better service to customer and introducing new products and services along with expanding the horizon of Dell Inc. For so many years, Dell has been working hard for 18 hours per day with only 40 employees which achieved him tremendous success in the recent past. Dell, in an interview with Harvard Business Review, described that his company was using technology and information to blur the traditional boundaries in the value chain among suppliers, manufacturers and end users calling the direction as virtual integration. According to Reinert (1992) marketing was the key to Dell’s success unlike Gates and Jobs, who made their mark with operating systems. Dell identified an undiscovered market in the 1980’s preparing computers for individuals and this strategy applied to his business principles as well. Thompson and Gamble (2008) describe Dell as an aggressive personality, extremely competitive risk taker and a role model for young executive who was always accessible. According to Thomas et al (2006) Michael Dell knows that quality of service and products are key and are proud of its statement â€Å"Soul of Dell† of corporate philosophy which focuses on maintaining direct relationship with customers. Dell led the company through turbulent times and handled the negative feedback about the company’s style. During crisis Dell and Rollins met with the top 20 managers and dealt with the gripes, each offering their own frank and honest self critique. During these past years, Michael Dell had learnt that sustained success cannot come without the top leaders facing themselves and to change, often with great pain. Success was evident from the hard works of Dell and his leaders as the prices of stock were valued higher than that of Microsoft, GE or Wal-Mart (Daft and Marcic, 2005). Dell developed a new style of management which was based on marketing as well as technical knowhow. He had a lot of good marketing ideas that allowed the company to conquer the majority of US market share as well as world market share competing with Hewlett Packard, Gateway and Apple Inc. According to Dell’s executives, Michael Dell was a very involved and well rounded CEO, focusing on implementing the strategy making / strategy executing tasks (www. cyberessays. com). Dell strategized four tenets to eliver superior customer value which included having direct relationship with customer, allowing customer to purchase custom built product and custom tailored services so as to meet consumer needs in efficient way, creating highly efficient supply chain and manufacturing organizations, grounded in the use of standardized technologies, and selling directly to the customers creates an opportunity to low cost structure and delivering added value to customer by researching all options about technology, and being accountable to customers for helping them obtain the highest return on their investment (Thompson and Gamble, 2008). Dell was an innovative leader with propensity of taking risks to overcome substitution. According to Thompson and Gamble (2008) Dell’s strategy has seven core elements; a) making build to order manufacturing progressively more efficient, b) partnering closely with suppliers, c) using direct sales technique to gain customers, d) expansion into additional products and services, e) providing good customer service, f) focusing on research and development activities and g) offering products with standardized technologies. The strategy constantly strived to reduce operational costs and was successful in doing so in 2008 by reducing costs by $3 billion. Dell identified the challenge of company much before which is evident in his statement that â€Å"No (competitive) advantage and no success is ever permanent. The winners are those who keep moving. The only constant in our business is that everything is changing†. Most of the companies in the industry tried to copy the unique strategy of Dell Inc but didn’t achieve significant success. Though Dell Inc. ad been making good sales in United States, its market shares had fallen down drastically in 2007, the reason why Dell is struggling now to regain the top spot in PC sales in world market (Hoskisson et al, 2007). Michael Dell has not been let down by the criticism and underdog statements from CEO’s of other companies. It was long before when Dell Inc faced innovation dilemma only dealing in PCs, HP CEO, Carleton said â€Å"Dell is a g reat company, but they are a one trick pony† while IBM Server chief William Zeitler said â€Å"They’re the best in the world at what they do, the question is, will they be best at Next Big Thing? (Business Week, 2007). Today, Dell expanded itself from only PCs to servers, data storage devices, networking switches, printer and catridges, and customer service receiving tough competition from its rivals like Cisco Systems, IBM, HP, Apple and others, which shows that Michael Dell’s strategy were innovative enough to compete with the best in the industry providing range of products and services to its customers (Thompson and Gamble, 2008). Michael Dell’s leadership and strategy were essential in taking the company to the top position for all these years gaining huge market not only in US but all over the world. Reference Business Week (2007) Strategy Power Plays, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, India Daft. .L. R. and Marcic, D (2005) Understanding Management, Cengage Learning, US Hoskisson, R. E. , Hitt, M. E. and Ireland, R. D. (2007) Competing for Advantage, Cengage Learning, US Hoskisson, R. E. , Hitt, M. E. and Ireland, R. D. 2009) Strategic management: competitiveness and globalization : concepts cases, Cengage Learning, US Kirsch, K (2007). Critically Review how the Resource-based View Has Developed Our Understanding of Strategy, GRIN Verlag, Germany Kotler, P. and Lee, N (2008) Corporate Social Responsibility: Doing the Most Good For Your Company And Your Cause, Wiley-India, Delhi Magretta, J (1999) Managing in the new economy, Harvard Business Press, US Reinert, Al (1992) Revenge of the Nerd, Texas Monthly, Vol. 0, No. 9, Emmis Communications, US Thomas, M, Miles, G and Fisk P (2006) The Complete CEO: the executives guide to consistent peak performance, John Wiley and Sons, US Thompson, A and Gamble, J (2008) in Essentials of Strategic Management: the Quest for Competitive Advantage, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill. Thompson, A. , Strickland, A. J, Gamble, J. E. and Jain, A. K. (2006) Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage, Concepts and Cases, 14th Ed. , Tata McGraw Hill, India